Yes, it seemed clear that the person in that thread felt they could not give specifics. As you say, the truck does not have excessive coolant or transmission temperatures under those conditions. However, the actual combustion conditions at high altitude on warm days (lowest air density conditions) when attempting to get maximum available horsepower out of the engine lead to high combustion and exhaust gas temperatures. This increases the formation of NO and NO2. It’s not a matter of dissipating or rejecting heat - it’s simply a combustion temperature issue. The same problem exists with jet engine combustion.
I’m guessing they run into a temperature limit they’ve set to limit the emissions, the computer reduces the actual throttle plate position to limit power and rpm (despite the pedal position being floored), and truck won’t downshift because you can’t give it enough actual throttle to trip the downshift. Or they just directly prevent the downshift to limit rpm and thereby limit mass air flow, power and temperature. Again, my speculation on what they are actually doing to prevent the downshift.
Why didn’t the Ford 7.3 do the same thing? Same load, but almost 10% more rated horsepower, yes. But more importantly, look at the two videos. When the Chevy was tested they were in shirtsleeves and no snow in sight, not even on the nearby 12k mountaintops. Hot day for 11k feet. When the Ford was tested, they were all bundled up and there was snow all along the highway. Huge difference in temperature and air density, which causes a big difference in horsepower.
The difference in air density altitude for that maybe 40F temperature difference was about 4000 feet if I’m reading my charts correctly, so the Chevy was working with a very large additional maybe 12% horsepower reduction (using the rough power loss formula used in aviation) simply due the higher density altitude (lower air density) from the temperature difference. So there was a roughly 20% horsepower difference between the Ford and Chevy on their test days, more than half of which was caused by the temperature difference.