This section doesn't really say where, but my understanding is it is in the area in front of the rearview mirror, (same area as one of the cameras)
B117AWindshield Outside Moisture/Ambient Light and Humidity Sensor
Note: Due to the sensitivity of the sensor, the wipers may swipe once upon start up or rapid lighting changes.
The B117A Windshield Outside Moisture/Ambient Light and Humidity Sensor utilizes an internal infrared LED and an optic sensor to determine the amount of water on the windshield.
The infrared LED bounces infrared light against the inside of the windshield.
The optic sensor measures the amount of light returned after bouncing off the windshield.
With a dry windshield, all light bounced off the windshield is returned to the optic sensor.
As water accumulates on the windshield, the light input to the optic sensor is diffused and reduced.
The amount of light reduction corresponds directly to the amount of water on the windshield.
The B117A Windshield Outside Moisture/Ambient Light and Humidity Sensor interprets the amount of light returned and communicates this info to the K9 Body Control Module, which will control intermittent wiper operation
based on the sensitivity selection of the S82 Windshield Wiper/Washer Switch and the amount of water on the windshield.